Global Recession Effects on Emerging Economies Free Essay Example, 6250 words

The global recession is an economic issue that currently prevails over all others. With the recession, the economic activities of a country go downhill over a period of time in a business cycle. A business cycle is the measure of economy-wide economic activity over several months or years and is calculated through the fluctuations in the production and incomes generated within the economy over that period of time. During recession demand, business profits, capacity utilization, investment spending, employment, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), household incomes as well as budgeting are affected negatively. With the slowdown in the global economy, all stakeholders are affected. Multinational and international industries, local industries, government establishments and the consumers themselves are affected by the changes in the economic status of the country. Global recession also has a great impact on the value of local and international currencies, generally affecting end-users and hous eholds. As a result, the purchasing power of the consumers goes down. For the last few decades, most countries of the world have opened their economies and have accepted that market economy is the best for global trade and prosperity. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Recession Effects on Emerging Economies or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page This is in contrast to all previous recessions. The developed economies, both western and eastern, have suffered in terms of loss of business assets and markets, larger unemployment and erosion of their GDP.

Rape Culture And Its Validity - 1769 Words

Southern Connecticut State University defines rape culture on there collegiate website as, â€Å"an environment in which rape is prevalent and in which sexual violence is normalized and excused in the media and popular culture ... perpetuated through the use of misogynistic language, the objectification of women’s bodies, and the glamorization of sexual violence, thereby creating a society that disregards women’s rights and safety.† Many women know the fear of leaving their homes hoping that their outfit isn’t too revealing, and then having to put on a persona of modesty and propriety in hopes that they are seen as an upstanding member of society so as to avoid being objectified or cat-called by the opposite gender. They know what it is to fear†¦show more content†¦It is not only the fact that women are feeling unsafe to report that has a tendency to perpetuate rape culture; it runs much deeper than that. In a scholarly journal Dianne Herman asser ts, â€Å"Because of the aggressive-passive, dominant-submissive, me-Tarzan-you-Jane nature of the relationship between the sexes in our culture, there is a close association between violence and sexuality.† She continues making her assertion by saying, â€Å"The imagery of sexual relations between males and females in books, songs, advertising, and films is frequently that of a sadomasochistic relationships thinly veiled by a romantic facade. Thus, it is very difficult in our society to differentiate rape from ‘normal’ heterosexual relations.† In essence, the author is saying that, with a male dominant society, untangling the threads connecting sex and violence is difficult and not doing so may have dire repercussions. As for another point raised by her writings, the lines of â€Å"normal heterosexual relations† are also becoming blurred. Women are not the only victims within this rape culture. Men are also at a great risk today, whetherShow MoreRe latedAmerica s Thriving Rape Culture1492 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica’s Thriving Rape Culture America has a proud history of being a country that has many different ethnicities and cultures living within its borders. But one of the most prevalent cultures is one that transcends race or country of origin, rape culture. The term used by modern day feminist and gender activist defines a culture which normalizes rape and sexual assaults because of the deeply rooted societal attitudes towards gender and sexuality. In a rape culture the instances of rape are acceptedRead MoreThe Effects Of Sexual Assault On College Students1563 Words   |  7 Pages350 rapes a year† (550). The likelihood of sexual assault or rape on a college campus is tremendously high due to social organizations, alcohol, and the presence of ‘rape culture’. Sexual violence is the most prevalent crime committed on a college campus, for every two sexual assaults there is just one robbery. Therefore, college women are twice as more likely to get raped than robbed. This leaves the elephant sized question, what is it about college that fosters ‘rape culture’? Rape culture is theRead MoreIs It What I Wore?1504 Words   |  7 Pagesdue to the truly horrific events that have become quotidian occurrences in the culture of our world. Every day we see or hear of vicious crimes involving sexual abuse and tend to let them roll of our backs as they seem almost natural to us. But why? Why are such gruesome and vicious attacks such an everyday part of life? How has our society managed to nurture such insensitivity to these events? The phenomena of rape culture and how it is perpetuated throughout world views holds the answer to these questionsRead MoreA Healthy Does of Skepticism: The Effectiveness of Paul Kurtz1021 Words   |  4 Pagespeople rely on their senses, observations, and information taken from cultural beliefs to learn the truth. History has shown that observation and knowledge from authority and culture are not always the most reliable methods for seeking truth. For example, people used to believe the Earth was round because scientis t and culture told them it was true. However, we know now that it is not true because of advanced technology. Sometimes what we think is obviously true is actually false. This goes to showRead MoreExploring Sexual Assault And Rape1315 Words   |  6 PagesEXPLAINING SEXUAL ASSAULT AND RAPE As reported by, feminist criminologists, their perspective of rape and sexual assault differ between liberal and radical feminists. Liberal feminists’ viewpoint in regards of rape as a gender-neutral assault on a persons’ autonomy and mainly focusing on the harm that rape can do to an individual. In contrast, radical feminists describe rape as a subject to be recognised and understood as a major pillar of patriarchy; a social system in which men claim the positionsRead MoreCampus Rape And Sexual Abuse1573 Words   |  7 PagesNovember 2014 Campus Rape For most students fresh out of high school, college provides a fresh new experience free of the restrictions present while living under your parents roof. Life on a college campus provides not only the means to develop intellectual skills that are necessary to join the workforce but also the means to become a fully functioning independent member of society. Many social traditions are common on all college campuses and one that often gets explored is sexual culture and the explorationRead MoreEssay on Sexual Selection1132 Words   |  5 Pagestheory. Buss explored whether there were universals of human mate preference. His research spanned across 37 cultures and involved 10 thousand participants of different religion,ethnic and economic groups, increasing the validity of the study. He then made the study even more ecologically valid by varying the sampling procedure per culture. Results showed that women in all cultures show a preferences for men with resources while males placed more emphasis on womens attractiveness as it is anRead MoreThe Difference Between Commonsense Assumption and Sociology Expiation710 Words   |  3 Pagesin greater dangerous of sexual assault rape by a stranger than a women in a familiar place with a men she knows According to the commonsense knowledge, the majority of people advocate this point of view. Since it looks apparently as validity. However sociological research in particular the womens safety survey contradicts this commonsense assumption totally. Actually, as this statistics illustrated, only 25 percent of rapes and 50 percent of sexual assaults involvedRead MoreMy First Undergraduate Degree Of Women867 Words   |  4 Pagesbooks such as Our Bodies, Ourselves lying around. My first undergraduate degree included 18 credit hours of Women’s Studies. About 15 years ago, I completed my certificate in the subject by choosing classes that evaluated the roles of women across cultures, religion, our similarities and our differences. Needless to say, I found myself in shock to learn that not all women embraced feminism, that the office of women’s studies was known to house â€Å"feminazis,† and that I found some of the views I encounteredRead MoreDescribe and evaluate evolutionary explanations of gender. [8 + 16]870 Words   |  4 Pagesmethodological issues with the supporting study must also be considered, for example the method used was self-report thus leaving the study vulnerable to demand characteristics. This could mean the study lacks internal valid ity. The fact that gender roles differ throughout cultures would suggest that social influences are determining our gender roles. Evolutionary explanations may partially explain why gender roles have developed but the fact that gender roles can differ globally would imply social

Management Skills Professional Business Field

Question: Describe about the Management Skills for Professional Business Field. Answer: Introduction The development of the personal skills is important for each individual. People associated in the professional field apply the relevant reflective practices to improve their skills (McGrath, 2014). However, it is important to note that before upgrading the personal skills, it is required to recognise the particular area of concern. I have been concentrating on improving my managerial skills, which will be beneficial for developing my career in future. The managers of the organisations have to take the majority of the responsibilities. Moreover, the managers ought to be skilled enough in managing the people associated in an organisation. The study will discuss the relevant skills that I need to acquire in order to ensure my personal development as a manager. Learning Contract Aim The managers are the most responsible people working in an organisation. The managerial skills include the effective communication capabilities, team management abilities, and presence of strategic vision (Gunnarsson, Linell Nordberg, 2014). Before structuring the personal development plan for improving the managerial skills, it is important to understand the desired changes in the attitude within a proper time frame. I have realised that I need several changes in my attitudes while upgrading the managerial skills and manage the team members. I have recognised that I need the improvisation on the maintenance of my interpersonal communication skills in order to motivate the team members. The rationale of selecting this area of development is discussed further. The maintenance of the interpersonal communication skill is essential in determining a managerial perspective. The strategic vision helps to achieve the pre-determined organisational objectives. In such regards, the engagement of the employees and efficient team management is necessary. The managers need to acquire the significant skills to communicate with the team members. Moreover, the efficient communication skills help in motivating the team members. Employee motivation is essential to improvise the performance (Stacks Salwen, 2014). I need to acquire the proper interpersonal skills to communicate, motivate, and understand the situational scenario in the organisation. Managers are needed to be a good listener, understandable, and a good speaker. Therefore, I need to keep the focus on improving my interpersonal skills, which would help me in motivating my team members and bringing the effective performance outcome. As a manager, I need to focus on different approaches that are connected to the interpersonal communication. The list of interpersonal skills that I need to acquire is as follows: Verbal Communication: I need to understand what I am saying and how I am saying. Non-verbal Communication: The body language and the non-verbal messages are needed to be recognised (Gallois Giles, 2015). Listening skills: I need to interpret the verbal and non-verbal communication of others in a justified way. Negotiation: I have to agree with the people if they are saying something justified. Problem Solving: I need to identify the exact problem and resolve them in a significant way. Decision Making: I need to first explore the conceptualised idea to make any relevant decision. Assertiveness: I need to communicate the value, beliefs, ideas, needs, and opinions with our team members. Once considering the actual skill that I need to improve, I have to focus on the time frame. I need to complete this skill improvisation process within two weeks. Interpersonal Communication Skill Timeframe for Achievement Verbal Communication 3-4 Days Non-verbal Communication 4-5 Days Listening skills 4 Days Negotiation 5-6 Days Problem Solving 1 Week Assertiveness 1-2 week Table 1: Interpersonal Communication Skill and Tome Frame (Source: Created by Author) Rationale for selecting the improvisation of interpersonal communication skills Managers usually lead the team by considering proper communications. It is to be stated that if the managers can understand the requirements and the verbal or non-verbal communication of the employees, it would be better for the managers to motivate the team members. Therefore, I have decided to improve my interpersonal communication skills in order to keep my team members motivated. Improvisation of the verbal communication: The verbal communication is essential for determining the proper communication with my team members (Braithwaite Schrodt, 2014). Whenever I speak anything, it should be clearly understandable to the employees. It would be helpful enough in presenting the vision. Improvisation of non-verbal Communication: It is noted that while speaking to someone; our body language and gestures create the differences. Therefore, when I am speaking to any team member, I need to keep the focus on my body language, voice modulation, and proper gestures. The impressive non-verbal communication can draw the attention of the employees. Listening Skills: The two way communication or the communicational transparency is essential for an organisational context. If the team members raise their concerns about any particular issue, it is the responsibility of a manager to understand it properly. Therefore, the improvisation in the listening ability is mostly required. If the mangers can understand the concerns of the employees, it would be helpful enough in resolving the issues. Negotiation: Sharing the ideas is the essential things to bring innovations. As a manager, I need to respect the opinion of my team member regarding any important decision making process. Negotiation in interpersonal communication skill indicates the sharing beliefs, ideas, values, and concerns. The maintenance of this skill is thus quite necessary. Problem Solving: The mangers have to be skilled enough in resolving the problems that have been affecting the internal scenario of the organisation (Gallois Giles, 2015). I need to acquire such interpersonal skills to make my team members more loyal to the organisation. In fact, it would be helpful for me to clarify the objectives. Decision Making: Decision making is the most required skills for the managers. The managers are the responsible person to make the internal changes through the relevant decision making process. As a manager, firstly, I need to understand the better process for achieving the business goals. Accordingly, I need to take the proper decision for achieving the organisational objectives. Assertiveness: Discussion about the beliefs, value, and ideas is necessary for a manager to keep the team members motivated. The team members can present their ideas and opinion to the managers. Assembling these ideas and values brings the innovation for the better performance outcome. In fact, the employees feel that their opinion is somewhat fruitful for the company. This assertiveness is much necessary for the motivational purposes. Consideration In this modernised world of business, the challenges have become much prominent. In order to avoid the challenges and establishing the proper intercommunication skill, it is necessary to formulate several justified strategies. Interpersonal Communication Strategy Pre-test Measures Challenging Areas Post-test Measures Focused Listening Focusing on the proper communication with the employees Challenges may come due to the misinterpretation Noticing the voice modulation and body language is required. Gentle Interruptions The gentle body language while interrupting any concerns is necessary. Some may feel ignored. Managing the interruptions in a polite way. Non-verbal communication Understanding the voice modulation and body language The possibility of falsified information It is important to ask counter questions and notice the consequences Table 2: Post measure test, challenging areas, and post-test measures (Source: Created by Author) Concentrating on such measurement, the following Action Plan template is formulated. Action Plan Step Week Key Concept Associated Action Step Expected Outcome Actual Outcome 1 1 Considering the good language and verbal skill Improving verbal communication Group discussion will be understandable The vision and the objectives will be clarified 2 1 Participation of the employees is required to get the idea about the non-verbal communication skill Receiving feedback from the employees The concerns of the employees can be addressed. The body language and the non-verbal communication would determine how well the employees can understand the organizational requirements. More specially, the effective body-language would be beneficial enough in motivating the employees. 3 2 Resolving the problems Listening to the concerns raised by the employees. It is possible that few employees face several situational conflicts. In such cases they need to present their issues in front of the managers and expect to get the best solution. The effective listening power is essential for understanding the exact situation. The idea about the conflicts will help in resolving the problems. 4 2 Decision Making Understanding the conceptualized idea about the organizational scenario and requirement. It is necessary to understand the needs and demands for achieving the pre-determined objectives. In such cases, the conceptualized idea about the organizational benefits Having the conceptualized idea is fruitful enough for reaching to a conclusion. In fact, the manager can decide what is best for the organizational performance. Accordingly, the suitable decision can be undertaken. Table 3: Action Plan (Source: Created by Author) Conclusion The managers need to focus on improvising the significant skills. I feel I need improvisation in my intercommunication skill. Accordingly, I have structured a personal development plan to complete such skill improvisation process within two weeks. These sequential steps have been concerning the improvement of the interpersonal communication. The employees will accordingly be motivated. Moreover, it would be beneficial for me to consider myself as a successful manager. The action plan has been formulated in considering such area of concerns. References Braithwaite, D. O., Schrodt, P. (2014).Engaging theories in interpersonal communication: Multiple perspectives. Sage Publications. Gallois, C., Giles, H. (2015). Communication accommodation theory.The International Encyclopedia of Language and Social Interaction. Gunnarsson, B. L., Linell, P., Nordberg, B. (2014).The construction of professional discourse. Routledge. McGrath, M. (2014). Personal development plan.Leading the Way,11(1), 21. Stacks, D. W., Salwen, M. B. (Eds.). (2014).An integrated approach to communication theory and research. Routledge.

Proficiency Testing Essays - Education, Educational Psychology

Proficiency Testing Proficiency tests are given to a student three times during their school years. Once in fourth grade, another in ninth, and a final time in twelfth grade. I do not feel that these tests reflect a student's true ability. Proficiency testing is not a good measurement of a student's ability because it stifles creativity, some students may be terrible test takers, and it is very easy for a student to exempt out of it. Creativity is a very important part of school. Teachers have their own style of teaching and students all learn in different ways. The proficiency tests have forced teachers to teach students only the areas that are on the proficiencies. Their curriculum is based around what questions will be asked on the test and they can not focus on other sections they feel may be important. It also suppresses students learning ability because they must adhere to the guidelines of learning what is on the proficiencies. Also, if a student answers the question right by their way of thinking, but the proficiencies mark it wrong because they do not take into account a student may have a different way of figuring out the answer. Another reason the proficiencies do not reflect a students ability is that there are students who are not good at taking standardized tests. They may have been having a bad day or they may just get nervous when taking a test. There have also been teachers who have not been able to pass a section of the proficiency test. If the teacher can not even pass the test, it is hard to believe that a student will be able to pass the test. It is very easy for a student to have a high IQ and not pass the test. A student may also be gifted in other areas such as art, which is not tested on the proficiencies. In addition, a student can exempt out of the proficiencies for a various number of reasons. In fourth grade, a note is required from a child's parents and they do not have to take the test. In later grades, there are stricter enforcements but still not everyone has to take the test. Reasons may range from being physically handicapped or mentally retarded. Only the average student takes the test so when results come out they really do not reflect the entire student body. Some students do not care if they pass or not because the ninth grade one is the only test that you must pass to graduate. In the twelfth grade, many students fill in bubbles and leave as soon as possible. In conclusion, proficiency tests do not fairly measure a student's capability because they repress creativity, are partial to those who are good at standardized test taking, and do not take into account all students. There are some positive aspects of the proficiency tests. There are also many changes coming about that may make the proficiencies a better assessment of a student's ability in the future.