Eleanor Roosevelts Contributions to Human Rights

Eleanor Roosevelt's Contributions to Human Rights On February 16, 1946, facing the incredible violations of human rights that victims of World War II suffered, the United Nations established a Human Rights Commission, with Eleanor Roosevelt as one of its members. Eleanor Roosevelt had been appointed a delegate to the United Nations by President Harry S. Truman after the death of her husband, President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Eleanor Roosevelt brought to the commission her long commitment to human dignity and compassion, her long experience in politics and lobbying, and her more recent concern for refugees after World War II. She was elected chair of the Commission by its members. Contributions to the Development of the Declaration She worked on a Universal Declaration of Human Rights, writing parts of its text, helping to keep the language direct and clear and focused on human dignity. She also spent many days lobbying American and international leaders, both arguing against opponents and trying to fire up the enthusiasm among those more friendly to the ideas. She described her approach to the project this way: I drive hard and when I get home I will be tired! The men on the Commission will be also! On December 10, 1948, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted a resolution endorsing the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In her speech before that Assembly, Eleanor Roosevelt said: We stand today at the threshold of a great event both in the life of the United Nations and in the life of mankind. This declaration may well become the international Magna Carta for all men everywhere. We hope its proclamation by the General Assembly will be an event comparable to the proclamation in 1789 [the French Declaration of the Rights of Citizens], the adoption of the Bill of Rights by the people of the US, and the adoption of comparable declarations at different times in other countries. Pride in Her Efforts Eleanor Roosevelt considered her work on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to be her most important accomplishment. Where, after all, do universal human rights begin? In small places, close to home- so close and so small that they cannot be seen on any maps of the world. Yet they are the world of the individual person; the neighborhood he lives in; the school or college he attends; the factory, farm, or office where he works. Such are the places where every man, woman, and child seeks equal justice, equal opportunity, equal dignity without discrimination. Unless these rights have meaning there, they have little meaning anywhere. Without concerted citizen action to uphold them close to home, we shall look in vain for progress in the larger world.

Public budgeting Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Public budgeting - Article Example The article starts by laying down the statistics from the Federal Reserve displaying the high number of Americans, and the all-time $975 billion dollars in the year 2008. The projections as of the time was that debt would keep on increasing since people kept reaching for the credit cards debts in order to make ends meet. According to the statistics from the Sachs & Williamson (2009), many consumers have more than five credit cards, with an average total of about five each per family. The psychological look at the consumers by the researchers termed the consumers as having a low debt recovery modality owing to the many debts they find themselves wading. As such, they stray from what they term as normative debt management principles (Amar, et al., 2011). Consumers go forward and start paying individual debts while not looking at the value of each and every debt and prioritizing them. The total redemption from indebtedness is difficult, something that sometimes prompt consumer’s adoption of sub-goals that are normally aimed at settling the individual debts. They sometimes settle the small debts and remain with the huger ones. The oblivion borne by the consumers to the larger debts and misplaced focus by them is what takes a huge toll in the paper as the author analyses the things to do when one is indebted (Heckler, 2013). To the authors, paying of the small debts and remaining with the bigger ones might help relieve the burden but the amount to pay keeps sk y-rocketing as one dilly-dallies. The article is well arranged as the authors move from the obvious to the completely hard stuff concerning debt management. The authors lay down the statistics, the trend in debt management, then finally give their opinion of what should really be happening in the real world concerning the issue of contention. Authors term paying off of debts with larger

Causes of the War with the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Causes of the War with the United States - Essay Example While the Mexican fought for the independence of Texas, the US sent its army into Texas in order to gain hold over the state. However, the ambition did not end here and US made plans to extend its rule into California by buying over the state from Mexico. In order to ensure the cooperation of the Mexican government, Polk sent troops into Mexico to intimidate the Mexicans. The Mexicans, though initiated the fight with these troops, had no way of defending themselves since they were still recovering as a newly independent country. The US argued that they were helping Mexicans since Mexico was basically sick country and needed the US for support. While the US was strong and powerful, the Mexicans were economically and physically weak. However, the Mexicans were able to enjoy a bargaining chip for a small period of time as the British and the French were concerned of the resulting shift in balance of power as a result of the foreseeable expansion. While this deterred the war for a certai n period of time but the US was able to take over Texas and California after they neutralized the two countries through British-French consent (Vazques, 138). Author’s Perspective The author like most other historians believe that the US was responsible for the war and Polk provoked the war through his ambitious methods (Murrin, Johnson, McPherson, Fahs, Gerstle, Rosenburg and Rosenburg, 344). The author has laid the blame of the war entirely on the shoulders of the US. He blames US for taking advantage of its superior position and the annexation of Texas to start a war that the Mexicans were unprepared for and did not want at that specific point. Vazques continually refers to writing and thoughts of other historians either to support his own views or to point out the flaws in others’ perspective. By referring to specific passages, such as the comments of Nicholas Trist, Vazques establishes the fact that even US peace commissioner was against the war between Mexico and US. Trist in that specific passage blames the US for the war and feels remorse over the US approach towards the situation. This further convinces the reader of the unjustness of the situation and through such accounts one cannot help but feel sympathy of the Mexicans. Vazques is strictly pro-Mexican and this fact is not surprising given the Mexican origin and background of the author. Since almost every Mexican is bitter towards the US involvement in their personal affairs, this is to be expected. Vazques is influenced by her own people since she has been exposed to such ideas from birth and they are as much a part of her as her Mexican birth. Vazques ignores the political and economic condition of Mexico to a great extent and the Mexican involvement in the war. Discussion Josefina Vazques, through her article ‘Causes of the War with United States’, has explored the Mexican situation and the reasons for their bitterness against the US. While most historians have blamed the US for the situation, the Mexican side of the story had been undiscovered until Vazques chose to explore and write about it. Even though I believe that every story has different perceptiveness and these differ widely between the antagonist characters in the story, I still have sympathy towards the Mexicans. Certain historians believ

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay Example for Free

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay The community has no real knowledge of this ceremony. It seems ridiculous that a community would cling to such a barbaric tradition, especially when they dont even know the correct way to do it. It becomes apparent this community is very weak-minded. Even the way they congregated at the lottery was done systematically in a sexist way. This community could be convinced to do anything. There are so many points in the story that show these people know nothing of the lotterys history. First of all, this tradition has been slowly peeled away for centuries. The actual modern ceremony was obviously more somber, with no one making light jokes and friendly conversation.. Years and years ago this part of the ritual had been allowed to lapse. This quote makes you wonder how many parts of the ritual were lost. There were probably so many intricacies, proper ways to face, words to recite. This form of brutalism is treated very informally, with Mr. Summers dressed in just a white shirt and jeans. These people dont realize the major sin they are committing, nor do they realize the purpose behind it. The people had done it so many times that they only half listened This has no real meaning to them, its like theyre just going through the motions The worst part is the purpose of the ritual was not said or explained once. No one asked why this must take place, no one questioned it. All the people know is that once a year they have a draw, and kill someone as a community. The low intelligence level in this village also explains why ridiculous ceremonies like this can be carried out. The women are dressed very old fashioned, all with their dresses and aprons, following their menfolk. It was preferred that the men drew for the lottery. This decision was carried out very formally and business-like, as if it was such an important detail. Why make it such a point to exclude women, but treat every other part of the ritual so informally? They even go as low as appointing Mr. Summers the man in charge, the same man who devotes himself to all the youth related civic activities. The ritual appears to be a community activity, as if it was  written on everyones social calendar. The lack of formality is very disconcerting to the reader. The tardiness of Mr. Summers, the pleasant conversation, and so many more examples of disrespect and eagerness make it very obvious. They only follow parts of the ritual deemed necessary. get this over with, sos we can go back to work No one seems to realize this is a murder they are committing, it is inhumane. This ritual, passed down through generations, is no more important than a days work. As the draw is carried out, the people only hope it isnt the innocent children that are chosen. The kids cheered with relief when their slips of paper turned up blank. There was no sorrow for their mother, who had undoubtedly won the lottery, just relief their lives were spared. This would appear to any normal human as a useless tradition. It has no further meaning other than allowing a mortal sin to take place. If the whole community follows that makes it okay. Everything is changing but the cold-blooded murder. There are no formalities. No one appears to be taking it seriously, besides the one whose name was drawn. There is absolutely no mention of the purpose behind this ritual in the entire story. The people have no respect for the ritual itself, they just want to hurry up and find out who won, and get to the stoning.

Child Abuse and Neglect :: Violence Against Children

Outline Thesis: What is Child Abuse and what are it’s effects on the child and his/her family? I. Introduction II. Different types of child abuse A. Physical Abuse B. Sexual Abuse C. Incest D. Exploitation III. Neglect A. Physical Neglect B. Educational Neglect C. Emotional Neglect D. Moral Neglect IV. Sexual Abuse A. Exhibitionism B. Sexual Acts V. Incest A. Sexual acts between relatives B. Victim statistics VI. Child Pornography A. Boomed in the 70's B. Abused passed on through generations VII. Where abused children are found A. All neighborhoods B. Low income families IX. Abuse Laws A. Laws in all states B. Abuse statistics X. Conclusion What is Child Abuse? By definition, child abuse is the deliberate and willful injury of a child by a caretaker hitting, beating with an object, slamming against a wall, even killing. It involves active, hostile, aggressive treatment. The key word in the definition of child abuse is deliberate. Why would anyone physically harm a child? The physical destruction of a child is the extreme reaction of parents to the stress of having children. Most people are not aware of the fact that deliberately hitting a child is considered a felony in all fifty states. Abuse of children is more common than most people realize. At least one out of five adult women and one out of every ten adult men report having been abused in childhood. Recognizing child abuse in its several forms is a twentieth century phenomenon. Child abuse is also more likely to be recognized in economically developed countries than in other parts of the world. Children have been beaten and abandoned for centuries, based primarily on the belief that children are the property of their parents. By educating yourself and your children about abuse, you can help prevent it from happening to your children and better cope with it if it does. (Child 6) There are four different forms of child abuse. They are physical abuse (child beating and neglect), sexual abuse, incest, and exploitation (such as child pornography). Physical abuse occurs when a caretaker deliberately beats the child. Some examples of 2 physical abuse include burning with a cigarette, striking a child, and scalding with hot water. According to social agencies, beatings of children have been multiplying over the past twenty-five years or so. The increasing number of reports could mean that in recent years, social workers, health professionals, and other experts have become better able to recognize cases of mistreatment. Child Abuse and Neglect :: Violence Against Children Outline Thesis: What is Child Abuse and what are it’s effects on the child and his/her family? I. Introduction II. Different types of child abuse A. Physical Abuse B. Sexual Abuse C. Incest D. Exploitation III. Neglect A. Physical Neglect B. Educational Neglect C. Emotional Neglect D. Moral Neglect IV. Sexual Abuse A. Exhibitionism B. Sexual Acts V. Incest A. Sexual acts between relatives B. Victim statistics VI. Child Pornography A. Boomed in the 70's B. Abused passed on through generations VII. Where abused children are found A. All neighborhoods B. Low income families IX. Abuse Laws A. Laws in all states B. Abuse statistics X. Conclusion What is Child Abuse? By definition, child abuse is the deliberate and willful injury of a child by a caretaker hitting, beating with an object, slamming against a wall, even killing. It involves active, hostile, aggressive treatment. The key word in the definition of child abuse is deliberate. Why would anyone physically harm a child? The physical destruction of a child is the extreme reaction of parents to the stress of having children. Most people are not aware of the fact that deliberately hitting a child is considered a felony in all fifty states. Abuse of children is more common than most people realize. At least one out of five adult women and one out of every ten adult men report having been abused in childhood. Recognizing child abuse in its several forms is a twentieth century phenomenon. Child abuse is also more likely to be recognized in economically developed countries than in other parts of the world. Children have been beaten and abandoned for centuries, based primarily on the belief that children are the property of their parents. By educating yourself and your children about abuse, you can help prevent it from happening to your children and better cope with it if it does. (Child 6) There are four different forms of child abuse. They are physical abuse (child beating and neglect), sexual abuse, incest, and exploitation (such as child pornography). Physical abuse occurs when a caretaker deliberately beats the child. Some examples of 2 physical abuse include burning with a cigarette, striking a child, and scalding with hot water. According to social agencies, beatings of children have been multiplying over the past twenty-five years or so. The increasing number of reports could mean that in recent years, social workers, health professionals, and other experts have become better able to recognize cases of mistreatment.

Discussion of Former Child Soldiers with Ptsd and the Available Treatments

In his magazine article describing the obscene violence that is currently going on in Uganda, Christopher Hitchenssits down with a boy named James at a rehab center. James was fortunate enough to escape being a slave to Kony, when he was marched all the way to Sudan, where an ambush ensued and James got away. Marching long distances was an initiation technique used by the Lord’s Resistance Army in order to herd out the weaker boys. If a boy was too tired to go on, the other slaves were forced to brutally beat him to death. Before the march, James was savagely flogged with a wire lash and spared from having to kill his own family which is a frequent method of registration practised by the Lord’sResistance Army. No doubt, these experiences would have a negative developmental affect on any child, perhaps developing PTSD. Hitchens writes that when he was speaking to James, the boy would sit perfectly still in his chair, stoic, but when it came time for James to share his story, he began twisting in his chair. Along with rubbing his eyes and making waving gestures with his arms, these restless and jumpy behaviours are common symptoms of PTSD. What is the impact on a child who was forced to kill someone? Are the outcomes of this experience just as severe as witnessing a murder or being raped? Future research must dissect these varying forms of war trauma and compare the severity of a specificexperience to the negative developmental outcomes. Though the analyses of the data collected from these smalls groups seems exhausting, it is vital in order to better understand the individual. Slowly but surely, the research gathered surrounding specific traumatic experiences, will uncover more sophisticated strategies in the rehabilitation of former child soldiers. Participants were taught to verbalize the traumatic Overwhelming Events and that these events and the accompanying emotions might no longer be processed on a conscious level and could produce psychological disequilibrium. They were then taught that these traumatic events and emotions are often encapsulated in their subconscious memory as a coping device and that encapsulating the events and emotions can cause physical symptoms – Somatisation. Participants learned to recognize the psychological and physical bondage of these traumatic events and to acknowledge that these were beyond their control. This was followed by selecting a Companion to Release the encapsulated events to and leads to greater freedom from the emotional bondage. Recognizing their own Resilience as based on their individual strengths leads to the emergence of a New-Self, which leads to Rebuilding their social structure. A final Commencement celebration serves to integrate the learning as well as to initiate a bridge between the former child soldiers and their community. The vulnerability of a child who has just witnessed the destruction of their village and possibly the murder of their family, allows warlords to brainwash them and force them to perform sinister acts of violence. While being enslaved, a child’s once innocent mind is often flooded with warped views by their captor, and turned into an irrational killing machine. The effects of this are devastating on several levels; psychological, emotional, social and physical. As the previously discussed studies prove, it is crucial for research to continue surrounding the mental health outcomes of child soldiers in any war torn country. References Bayer, C. P. , Klasen, F. , Adam, H. (2007). Association of Trauma and PTSD Symptoms WithOpenness to Reconciliation and Feelings of Revenge Among Former Ugandan and Congolese Child Soldiers. JAMA, 298(5), 555 – 559. Hitchens, C. (2006). Childhood’s End. Vanity Fair, Jan 2006, 58 – 64. Onyut, L. P. , Neuner, F. , Schauer, E. , Ertl, V, Odenwald, Shauer, M. , Elbert, T. (2005). Narrative Exposure Therapy as a treatment for child war survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder: Two case reports and a pilot study in an African refugee settlement. BMC Psychiatry, 5:7

Health Disparities And Issues Among African Americans Essay

3) DISPAIRITIES AMONG ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE AND THEIR IMPACTS a) Health disparities are the inequalities that appear in the arrangement of healthcare and approaches to healthcare across different racial, ethnic, sexual orientation and socioeconomic group. As indicated by healthcare resources and services administration, wellbeing variations are characterized as popular particular contrast in the vicinity of infection, wellbeing results or access to social insurance. In the united state, wellbeing incongruities are surely understood issues among ethnic minorities. For instance, African Americans, Asian Americans, Native Americans and Latinos. At the point when contrasted with whites, these minority bunches have higher rate of endless ailment, higher mortality and poor wellbeing results. Among the ailment particular cases of racial and ethnic variations in the united state is the tumor frequency rate among African Americans, which is 10% higher than among whites. Furthermore, grown up African Americans and Latinos have roughly double the danger as whites of creating diabetes. Minority likewise have higher rate of cardiovascular sickness, HIV/AIDS, newborn child mortality than whites. There is some sort of reasons existing for the disparities in health care such as, a) Lack of healthcare insurance coverage b) Financial backward c) Irregular source of accessing healthcare d) Legal hurdles e) Structural barriers like lack of transportation f) Inadequate health care providers g)Show MoreRelatedRacial Discrimination And The Health Of African Americans911 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscrimination is the ground root of disparities letting African Americans to low socioeconomic status and poor health outcomes. Why disproportionality in health is so high among African Americans in the United States? Disparities limit the continuity of improvement in overall quality of care and population health and result in poor health outcomes as well as unnecessary costs. 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